Colon Cancer Survival Rates

Colon cancer survival rates indicate the chances a cancer patient has of surviving the disease for a specified length of time. The rates are by no means a definite indicator of what will happen to a patient; they can at best predict a patient's chances of what might happen to him, if a type of treatment plan is opted for, based on what has happened to other patients in similar circumstances. They serve as a guide to a patient and his family to know what they can expect if they choose a particular type of treatment or if they should consider one at all rather than just opt for pain relievers and sedation.

Colon cancer is a disease of the lower part of the digestive system affecting the colon, rectum and appendix. It is also called colorectal or large bowel cancer. It is the 2nd leading cause of cancer related deaths in the Western World.

Colon cancer when detected in the early stages is one of the most curable of cancers, by as much as 90%. Happily, the colon cancer survival rates have been steadily improving over the past 20 years, because of improved screening that makes treatment possible at the early curable stages. There are over 1 million survivors of the disease in the US today.

As with most cancers, prognosis is determined by the stage at which the disease is diagnosed, the later the stage at which the disease is diagnosed, the lower the survival rate. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute gives these overall survival rates for colon cancer in the US: 93% at stage 1, 85% at stage 2A, 72% at stage 2B, 83% at stage 3A, 64% at stage 3B, 44% at stage 3C and 8% at stage 4.

Colon cancer survival rates also vary depending on where the tumor is located. If the cancerous growth is located in the ascending colon, the 5 year survival rate is 63%, for the transverse colon it is 59% and for the descending colon it is 66%.

Treatment is mainly surgical in which the cancerous section of the bowel is removed and the two open ends are joined. If they can't be joined, a colostomy bag is necessary, in which case the bowel is brought outside the abdominal wall for the bag. Surgery is followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy which improves the survival rate by a further 5-6%.

Overall colon cancer affects men and women of all races equally however, women are more prone to developing colon cancer and men rectal cancer. Being over the age of 50 presents an increased risk factor with the risk for developing the disease increasing with each passing decade. Over 75% of cases are diagnosed in people over the age of 50 however; younger people too are at risk and cannot afford to ignore screening. Smoking, consumption of alcohol, being overweight and living sedentary lifestyles is risk factors as are having a family history of the disease and diabetes.

Since it has been proved that colon cancer survival rates have increased due to increased and improved screening techniques, it is highly recommended that the survival rates be further improved with people over the age of 40 having regular colonoscopies and rectal exams to increase the chances of early detection and treatment.

Do I Have Colon Cancer Symptoms?

Colon cancer effects 7% of Americans and can be devastating. There is no known cure for colon cancer so early and frequent screening is necessary. The majority of cases begin as simple non-cancerous clusters of cells which are known as adenomatous polyps. While these polyps are benign, over time they can develop into colon cancers.

Adenomatous polyps themselves can be small and create very few or no symptoms at all. This is why screening is so important - once your doctor notes the presence of polyps he can remove them to prevent them turning cancerous.

But what if you have not had a screening? How do you recognize the symptoms of colon cancer? The first thing to note is that a lot of people with colorectal cancer have no symptoms at all in the disease's early stages. When symptoms do appear they can vary greatly based on the cancer's location and size.

There is no substitute for early detection, but if you have been unable to get to the doctor for screening, here are some things to look for:

1. Sudden and/or unexplained weight-loss.

2. A change in your bowel movements - look for anything that is changed from normal - a change in frequency, the consistency, persistent diarrhea or constipation any change that lasts more than two weeks and cannot be associated with another illness.

3. Extreme fatigue or weakness.

4. Not feeling able to completely empty your bowel.

5. Stomach discomfort including cramps, gas, and pain.

6. Bloody stool or bleeding from the rectum.

The fact is that most of the symptoms of colon cancer are also symptomatic of other problems so this is why it is necessary to see your doctor as soon as possible.

If it turns out you do not have cancer then you need to look into other causes for these symptoms. All of the symptoms above, except for unexplained weight loss and extreme fatigue are signs of an impacted intestinal system. If this is the case, it could be that you need to undertake a program of colon cleansing in concert with colonic irrigation to remove irritants from the bowel and allow a return of normal bowel function.

The best defense against colon cancer is regular screening and early detection. Your doctor can find and remove adenomatous polyps before they develop into cancer. If you have any bowel symptoms that you are unsure of, see your doctor immediately. Your bowel health is too important to take chances with.

4 Possible Colon Cancer Symptoms

Colon cancer (also known as bowel cancer or colorectal cancer) is any cancer that affects the last section of the digestive tract (usually the colon or rectum). It is responsible for over 16,000 deaths in the UK each year and is therefore one of the most dangerous types of cancer around. There are a number of symptoms which could indicate that you have bowel cancer. In this article I will be discussing these signs and symptoms and hopefully give you the information to identify this disease sooner rather than later.

Unlike other conditions where the symptoms are often clear and easy to identify, colon cancer symptoms are usually vague and more difficult to spot. As the cancer becomes more advanced and the tumour grows, the symptoms become more noticeable. However, by this time it is often more difficult to treat the cancer effectively. That is why it is essential for you to be on the lookout for signs of bowel cancer at all times. By doing this you can significantly improve your chances of identifying colorectal cancer early and getting it treated. There are many symptoms associated with this type of cancer but below I have outlined four of the most common.

1) BLOOD IN THE STOOLS OR RECTAL BLEEDING:- This is probably the number one symptom of colon cancer. With this type of cancer the tumour develops in the final section of the digestive tract. Therefore, if the tumour bleeds some of this blood usually comes out of the rectum or in your stools. The bleeding is not usually significant but if you notice any at all then you should inform your doctor immediately.

2) PAIN IN THE STOMACH:- If the tumour gets large enough it can cause a blockage in your colon. This blockage can prevent solids, fluids or gases passing through your bowel which then leads to cramps and pains. In the worst cases, the tumour can grow so large that it breaks through your bowel wall which again causes major stomach pains. Although stomach pains are associated with multiple conditions, any prolonged pains could be indicative of colon cancer. If you experience these pains for an extended period go and see your doctor right away.

3) DIFFERENT BOWEL MOVEMENTS:- If the tumour becomes large it can also have an impact on your bowel movements. The blockage created by a large tumour can prevent stools from passing through the colon leading to constipation (difficulty passing stools). It can also cause a build up of fluid behind the tumour which eventually leaks through leading to diarrhea (difficulty controlling your bowel movements because your stools have become watery). If you notice any unusual bowel movements, particularly for long periods, this could be a sign of colorectal cancer and you should consult your doctor.

4) UNEXPECTED WEIGHT LOSS:- Sometimes tumours release chemicals which increase your metabolism and cause you to burn more calories than usual. Therefore, if you experience any unexpected or unexplained weight loss you should consult your doctor and get yourself tested for bowel cancer. Even if the weight loss is not linked to cancer it is still advisable to see your doctor because any weight loss that you cannot account for is likely to have some underlying cause.

As you can see from this article the symptoms of colon cancer are not always obvious and easy to identify. However, I hope this article has shown you some of the things you should be looking out for. Bowel cancer is much more treatable if it is caught in the early stages so if you notice any of the above symptoms do not take any chances. Go see your doctor right away and get a professional verdict.

Whilst every intention has been made to make this article accurate and informative, it is intended for general information only. Colon cancer is a very serious, life threatening condition and you should discuss any concerns, treatments or lifestyle changes fully with your doctor.

Bowel Cancer - Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment and Care

Bowel cancer is also known by many as colorectal cancer. It is a common cancer, slow to develop, with over 34,000 people diagnosed in the UK each year. Over 80% of people diagnosed with bowel cancer are over 60 years old. The symptoms of the disease can include changes in bowel habits, consistent diarrhoea or constipation, blood or mucus in the faeces, tiredness and weight loss or a pain or lump in the abdomen.

The exact cause of the cancer remains unknown but there are several factors that make people at more risk. Research suggests that diet may be a factor; those with a diet high in animal fat and protein and low in fibre have an increased risk of developing bowel cancer. Also those who have a high intake of alcohol may be at greater risk. People with a history of bowel cancer in the family may have a slightly higher risk of developing the disease but only 5-10% of sufferers have family members with the same illness.

If you think you have any of the symptoms of this cancer you should visit your GP straight away as early diagnosis and treatment are important for controlling the disease. The doctor will do a physical examination and refer you to a hospital specialist if they think a cancer may be present.

There are three tests that may be conducted by hospital specialists to diagnose the cancer;

Barium enema which is a special x-ray of the large bowel where a mixture of barium and air is passed through the back passage into the bowel, the doctor can then watch the passage of the barium through the bowel on the x-ray screen and any abnormal areas can be seen.

Proctoscopy / Sigmoidoscopy is where air is pumped into the bowel and then a tube with a tiny light and camera is passed into the bowel so any abnormal areas can be seen. This test may be uncomfortable but not painful.

Colonoscopies are done when the doctor needs to see the whole length of the large bowel, the bowel must be empty and a colonoscope is passed into the bowel. This is a long flexible tube with a light and camera on the end to help show abnormal areas and swelling. During the test photos and samples of the cells on the inside of the large bowel can be taken. A sedative is usually given to make the procedure more comfortable.

Treatment depends on the stage and position of the cancer. Cancers affecting the colon and those affecting the rectum are usually treated in different ways. Patients with early stage cancer contained within the bowel wall can usually be completely cured with surgery. If the cancer has spread through the muscle of the bowel wall and into the lymph nodes there is a chance the cancer may return so chemotherapy is often done along with the surgery. People with rectal cancer may also be given radiotherapy before or after surgery.

With advanced stage bowel cancer where the cancer has spread to other parts of the body such as abdomen, liver and lungs it is not usually possible to fully cure but treatment may be able to control it for a long time, by reducing symptoms and giving a good quality of life.

What Are the Symptoms of Colon Cancer?

Colon cancer or colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States. And it occurs most often in people older than 50. With 655,000 deaths worldwide per year, it is the third most common form of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. When it is found early, it is easily treated and often cured. But because it usually is not found early, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Knowing what are the symptoms of colon cancer is very important because it is easily treated if it is found early. The key is to find it as early as possible.

The first symptoms of colon cancer are usually vague, like bleeding, weight loss, and fatigue (tiredness). Local (bowel) symptoms are rare until the tumor has grown to a large size. Generally, the nearer the tumor is to the anus, the more bowel symptoms there will be.

The cecum and ascending colon are on the right side of your abdomen. Cancer in this area may bleed, causing blood in the stool and symptoms of anemia, including fatigue and weakness. The amount of blood may be small and so well mixed with stool that your stool may look normal. The transverse colon goes across your body from right to left. Cancer here may cause abdominal cramps. The descending colon and the S-shaped sigmoid colon are on the left side of your abdomen and join the rectum. Cancer here may cause narrower stools and bright red blood in the stool.

The lifetime risk of developing colon cancer in the United States is about 7%. Colorectal cancer can take many years to develop and early detection of colorectal cancer greatly improves the chances of a cure. If you or your doctor thinks you have colon cancer then you will need a test, called a colonoscopy, that lets the doctor see the inside of your entire colon and rectum. During this test, your doctor will remove polyps or take tissue samples from any areas that don't look normal.

What is Cancer Staging Useful For?

Staging is used by the doctors to evaluate how much the cancer has invaded the organism and to decide further what methods of therapy to apply.

The colon cancer staging began with the Duke's classification system which contained three stages: A, B, and C. After a while Astler-Coller brought modifications to this classification, adding one more stage: the D stage. In 1978 Gunderson & Sosin brought other modifications to the classification and a few years ago, the American Joint Committee on Cancer has come with a new classification called TNM containing four stages.

Nowadays the doctors use more often the TNM classification and the Duke's classification in staging the colon cancer.

Duke stage A refers to the fact that the cancer affects only the mucosa of the bowel and does not get further to other structures of the colon.

Duke stage B1 shows that the cancer has reached the muscularis propria of the colon but did not get through it.

In Duke stage B2 the tumor has got through the muscularis propria of the colon.

In Duke stage C1 the cancer has reached the muscularis propria and has also affected the local lymph nodes.

In Duke stage C2 the tumor has got through the muscularis propria of the colon and has also reached the local lymph nodes.

Duke stage D shows that the cancer has spread towards other tissues and organs.

The TNM staging refers to tumor, nodes and metastasis.

T1: the cancer has affected the mucosa and the submucosa too.

T2: the cancer has extended to the muscularis propria.

T3: the cancer has passed through the muscularis propria and has reached the subserosa.

T4: the cancer has affected all the colon's layers and it is spreading o the nearby organs.

N0: it means that no lymph nodes are affected yet.

N1: the cancer has affected 1 to 3 local lymph nodes.

N2: the cancer is found in more than 4 local lymph nodes.

M0: it means that no metastases are present.

M1: it means that distant metastasis can be seen.

Another classification which is more accurate contains both the Duke's and the TNM classification.

Stage I: T1 N0 M0; T2 N0 M0 means that the disease has extended in the inner layers of the colon but it has not spread to other structures yet.

Stage II: T3 N0 M0; T4 N0 M0 means that the nearby structures of the colon and rectum have been invaded but the lymph nodes are clear.

Stage III: any T, N1-2, M0 refers to the fact that the lymph nodes are affected by the disease but the distant organs are still safe.

Stage IV: any T, any N, and M1 means that metastases have appeared, and so the cancer has spread to distant organs like lungs and liver.

Recommended Treatments for the Different Stages of Colon Cancer

Treatment of Stage 0 Colon Cancer

Treatment of Stage 0 colon cancer (carcinoma in situ) may include the following types of surgery:

· Local excision, which is surgery to remove the colon cancer without cutting through the abdominal wall.

· A polypectomy, which is surgery to remove the colon cancer from the bulging piece of tissue.

· Resection/anastomosis, which is surgery that removes the colon cancer by taking out a section of the colon and rejoining the cut ends of the colon. This procedure is done when the cancerous tissue is too large to remove by local excision.

Treatment of Stage I Colon Cancer

Treatment of Stage I colon cancer is usually resection/anastomosis (removal of colon cancer by joining the cut ends of the colon) because the cancerous tissue is usually too large at this stage to be removed by local excision.

Treatment of Stage II Colon Cancer

Treatment of Stage II colon cancer may include the following:

· Resection/anastomosis

· Clinical trials of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or biological therapy after surgery

Treatment of Stage III Colon Cancer

Treatment of Stage III colon cancer may include the following:

· Resection/anastomosis with or without chemotherapy.

· Clinical trials of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or biological therapy after surgery.

Treatment of Stage IV Colon Cancer

Treatment of Stage IV colon cancer may include the following:

· Resection/anastomosis

· Surgery to remove parts of other organs such as the liver, lungs, and ovaries where the cancer may have spread.

· Chemotherapy.

· Clinical trials of chemotherapy or biological therapy.

· Radiation therapy may be offered to some patients as palliative therapy (to relieve symptoms).

Treatment of Recurrent Colon Cancer or Cancerous Cells

Treatment of recurrent colon cancer depends on where the cancer has recurred (come back) and the general health of the patient. Treatment for recurrent colon cancer may include the following:

· Surgery to remove cancer that may have spread to the liver, lungs, or ovaries.

· Surgery to remove cancer cells that have recurred in the colon.

· Radiation therapy as palliative therapy.

· Chemotherapy as palliative therapy.

· Clinical trials of biological therapy or chemotherapy.

What is Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Colon?

One of the most aggressive and disastrous forms of cancer is neuroendocrine carcinoma of colon. The worst part of this disease is that it is usually detected at the advanced stages where is it very difficult to curb it and treat it.

As the symptoms of neuroendocrine colon cancer become visible only at very advanced stages, the survival rate of the patient diminishes. The polyps or tumors of the colon are malignant and are usually detected with distant metastases. In several surveys, the reports have revealed that most of the cases of neuroendocrine cancer result in to death.

Although the possibilities of neuroendocrine carcinoma in colon are very rare, but if unfortunately one is affected by this disease, the health of the patient becomes worse than those who are suffering form adenocarcinoma.

Researches have showcased that the results of this cancer do not differ with age, sex or tumor location. However, neuroendocrine colon carcinoma does depend on the stage of the tumor. The usual trends have revealed that people in stage 1 and 2 of cancer do not suffer from neuroendocrine colon cancer. On the other hand, in several cases, if the tumor is in stage 3 or 4, it is a laborious and tough job to treat the neuroendocrine colon carcinoma.

The medical science has very few methods to treat this kind of cancer. One of the most popular methods that the doctors often use is immunohistochemical staining methods. This method helps the doctors to detect the severity of the neuroendocrine colon cancer and helps to determine the suitable medication and treatment for it. Immunohistochemical staining methods is specifically used for neuroendocrine markers. It involves the staining of the tumor with a monoclonal antibody A-80. This process of staining helps to identify the quantum of neuroendocrine differentiation and the extent of damage caused to the health.

Neuroendocrine colon carcinoma is hard to treat. In a case study wherein several patients suffered from this disease were examined, it was observed that the average survival rate for this disease was approximately seven months. While in a predominant stage, the rates were as less as five months. Most of these cases were initially detected as carcinoids but later they developed in to neuroendocrine colon carcinoma. Neuroendocrine colon cancer has poor prognosis. Also surgery is not a cent percent successful treatment. So, even surgery does not provide a satisfactory cure. Therefore it becomes necessary to detect this disease on time and provide proper medication for it.

What Are The Colon Cancer Symptoms

Colon cancer is currently the second most common cancer in the United States, and causes over 50,000 deaths in the country each year; and for the record, which is about as many American soldiers that died in the entire Vietnam conflict. This is an especially tragic and frustrating fact because the majority of the deaths caused by colon cancer could have been prevented or reduced.

The symptoms include pain in the abdomen, diarrhea, blood in the feces, and sometimes constipation or sometimes even blocked bowel movements. It can range from very mild, and to extremely severe. There are cases of colon cancer that are almost without symptoms until the latest stages.

It is not a good idea to wait until you have noticeable sign before learning about the disease and taking some action. Once you've developed such symptoms, the disease has probably entered into the middle or late stages, and there is a high chance that it has spread to other areas of your body. Once it has spread to other parts of your body, your likelihood of survival lowers dramatically.

If you catch colon cancer in the earlier stages, there is an extremely high chance that you will recover and survive well. Over 90% of people who are diagnosed with an early stage are able to undergo a successful surgical removal of the cancer before it spreads to other parts. It is important to note that in the beginning stages, the signs are rarely noticeable, so it is only those who regularly go for a colonoscopy or other colon exam that will be able to catch the disease early.

This cancer also has a high tendency to run in families. There is a genetic trait for developing 'polyps' that can be passed down from one generation to the next, and this trait vastly increases your odds of getting the disease. If you parents, grandparents, or siblings have even been diagnosed with this disease, there is a good chance you may have this polyp gene, and it is especially important that you get checked regularly once you reach the age of 40.

Clearly, it is extremely important to get a regular colon exam, irregardless of whether the disease runs in your family or not. Also, contrary to some myths, women are as likely to develop colon cancer as compare to men. People of African decent seem to be especially prone to such disease, and should consider getting their first exam starting even earlier than age 40. No one likes the thought of a colon exam, as they are certainly unpleasant, but late stage colon cancer are definitely worse to have.

Colon Cancer Symptoms - What Are They?

Colon cancer is one of the deadliest types of the disease, and this is partly because, among all types, it has the mildest symptoms. Causing no obvious symptoms especially at the early stages, most cases are diagnosed when lesion cancerous change already occurs. At this point, the disease is already in its advanced state and may already be harder to treat.

The physical signs of this disease arise gradually over time, making it difficult for doctors to diagnose it correctly. Most of these symptoms are felt only when the disease is already about to do significant damage to the colon. Thus, timely, quick, and accurate diagnosis is of extreme importance for sufferers.

Common Colon Cancer Symptoms

The main colon cancer symptoms include abdominal pain and discomfort that are often mistaken for digestive tract problems. The patients can experience one or all of the following:

• Abdominal hidden pain


• Abdominal distention


• Nausea


• Vomiting


• Loss of appetite


• Diarrhea


• Constipation

These symptoms usually become more pronounced after the consumption of food. Thus, due to the similarities in the symptoms, cancer of the colon is usually wrongly diagnosed as chronic appendicitis, ileocecal tuberculosis, ileocecal junction segmental enteritis, or lymphoma.

Specific Types of Symptoms for Specific Types of the Disease

Colon cancer symptoms also differ based on the specific type of the disease involved. For rightward abdomen colon cancer, the pain is usually above the navel, whereas for leftward abdomen colon cancer, the pain is usually under the navel. If the disease has penetrated the intestine wall, symptoms may include local inflammatory adhesion, local abscess, or chronic perforation.

For tumors localized in the rectal area, the disease may also be accompanied by rectum irritation, anus pain, or difficulty in defecating. These may also cause dysentery, enteritis, and hemorrhoids.

In the Advanced Stages

The most common symptom of the advanced stages is the development of an irregular abdominal mass with a hard texture. In some cases, such as in transverse and sigmoid colon cancers, the mass can cause pain even at light pressure.

Patients in the late stages of the disease may also experience anemia or the heightened absorption of toxins. These may be accompanied by edema, hepatomegaly, ascites, cachexia, and hypoproteinemia, among many others.

All symptoms of the disease, as can be observed, are linked to painful sensations. Thus, if not diagnosed early, the patient can suffer greatly throughout the course of the disease. A cancer hospital in China specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, including that of the colon, to make sure patients are given the best possible quality of life in their condition.

Colon Cancer Prognosis And Stages

The chance of survival or surviving for an extended number of years when one has colon cancer (also known as colorectal cancer) is generally good if the condition is detected early. Some people however who are already in higher cancer stages may actually still have some reason to be hopeful. The right treatment is really the key to a good colon cancer prognosis.

Stages

Colon cancer prognosis is often dependent on the stage in which the patient is in. Untreated and advanced cancer may lead to only a 20% chance of surviving for five years after diagnosis. Some however may actually have a 90% chance of surviving after diagnosis if the cancer is treated early. This is only quite natural. The worse one's condition and spread of cancer cells are, the least likely will treatment be effective and encompassing. Given below are the different stages of colon cancer and possible survival chances.

Stage 0

Others also know this stage as the initial stage. At this point, the cancer cells may restrict themselves to the rectum lining. Some cells may also already be found in the first part lining of the colon. One of the most common ways to treat this stage is through a surgical method. Some patients may actually need no other treatment than surgery. People who are at this stage have the highest rate of survival.

Stage 1

At this stage, the cancer cells may already be found deeper in the colon. There is however no movement or metastasis to other external tissues and organs. The cancer cells are therefore still restricted within the colon. Those who are at this stage may have to undergo a procedure known as resection. They may not yet be required to undergo other supplementary cancer treatments and procedures. Survival rate is still good at this stage.

Stage 2

Stage 2 is when other tissues other than those found in the colon are affected. This may already be some sort of a close call for some patients because of the movement of cancer cells. There is still great reason to be hopeful though since the cells have not yet moved into the lymph system which is a crucial system through which cancer cells metastasize. Surgery may still be a preferred mode of treatment. Depending on the patient's condition and risk factor as determined by a specialist doctor, other common cancer treatments may be employed simultaneously. These involve radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

Stage 3

This is already considered an advanced stage since the lymphatic system is already affected by cancer cells. All three common cancer treatment options may be used to fight the spread of the cells. Patients at this stage have a lower colon cancer prognosis than those in stages 1 and 2.

Stage 4

This is the final and most severe stage. The condition can no longer be removed completely despite treatment. Cancerous cells may have already spread through the lymphatic system to other organs in the body such as the lungs and liver. Of course, treatment will still be employed but patients may only have a survival rate of around 20%.

The stage that the cancer has reached will ultimately have an influence on any colon cancer prognosis. Since the cancer can be arrested at its early stages, it is important to seek to prevent the condition. Those who are at risk of colon cancer and those who are 50 years old and above should always have scheduled screenings.

Staging Colon Cancer

Staging is a method of evaluating the progress of colon cancer in a patient. That is, it looks at the colon cancer (tumor) and the extent to which the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Once doctors know how far along the colon cancer is, they can decide on the best course of treatment.

Today, the most common used system for the staging of colon cancer is the American Joint Committee on Cancer's (AJCC) TNM staging system. This staging system places patients into one of four stages (Stage I, Stage II, Stage III and Stage IV).

American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Staging System

Stage 0 Colon Cancer

In Stage 0, the colon cancer is found in the innermost lining of the colon only. Stage 0 colorectal cancer is also called carcinoma in situ.

Stage I Colon Cancer

In Stage I, the colon cancer has begun to spread, but is still in the inner lining of the colon or rectum. In Stage I, the colon cancer has not reached the outer wall of the colon. Another name for Stage I colorectal cancer or Duke A.

Stage II Colon Cancer

In Stage II, the colon cancer extends more deeply into and/or through the colon or rectum. The colon cancer may have invaded nearby tissue. In Stage II, it the colon cancer has not reached lymph nodes (Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures found throughout the body that filter substances in a fluid call lymph to help fight infection and disease. Another name for Stage II colorectal cancer or Duke B.

Stage III Colon Cancer

In Stage III, the colon cancer has spread to lymph nodes, but has not been carried to distant parts of the body. Another name for Stage III colorectal cancer or Duke C.

Stage IV Colon Cancer

In Stage IV, the colon cancer has been carried through the lymph system to distant parts of the body. This is known as metastasis. The most likely organs to experience metastasis from colorectal cancer are the lungs and liver. Another name for Stage IV colorectal cancer or Duke D.

Recurrent Colon Cancer or Cancerous Cells

Recurrent colon cancer is the return of cancerous cells that have already been treated. The cancerous cells could return as colorectal cancer, and/or return in any other part of the body.

Symptoms and Different Stages of Colon Cancer

Colon cancer is one of the preventable cancers and its symptoms are not easily identifiable. The colon cancer, when diagnosed, is usually at the advanced stage. It is also necessary to be informed about the symptoms of colon cancer as it would help you to take care of your health.

There are many symptoms and these symptoms cannot be identified in the early stages of cancer. Hence, it is highly recommended to opt for regular health checkups once an individual attains the age of fifty.

The symptoms are classified into two types. They are Local and Systemic symptoms.

The local colon cancer symptoms are diarrhea, constipation, changes in bowel movement and frequent gas pains or cramps. The systemic colon cancer symptoms are jaundice, anemia, unexplained fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and jaundice.

It is necessary to consult a doctor if you experience any of these symptoms mentioned above. This will help you to do the necessary tests and also prepare yourself before doing these tests.

The different stages of colon cancer are described here:

• The first stage is the stage 0 i.e. is the earliest stage. This stage can be described as the findings of a group of abnormal cells in an individual's colon. This stage is just the beginning of cancer and is not dangerous to the individual's life.


• The next stage is the stage I when the cancer has spread outwards beyond the inner tissue layer that exists on the wall of the individual's colon.


• The stage II is divided into Stage IIA and Stage IIB. In stage II A, is the cancer spreads to the middle layers of the tissue in the walls of the colon and the surrounding tissues. Stage IIB occurs when the cancer has spread into the organs in the region or into the abdominal wall.


• In stage III, the cancer spreads to the other organs of the body and requires aggressive treatment such as chemotherapy, surgical resection and other medical therapies.


• In the stage IV, this cancer spreads to other organs such as liver or lungs.

Chemotherapy is recommended for treating the stage III and stage IV along with the biologic therapies. It is sometimes also recommended for the stage II.

Cancer Staging

A stage of cancer is a descriptor of how much the cancer has spread. The stage is usually determined by the size of a tumor, how deep it is and whether it has invaded other cells. It is also determined by the number of lymph nodes it has metastasized to as well as whether it has, spread to distant organs. Cancer staging is key because the stage at which cancer is diagnosed is a predictor of survival. Treatment change is also done based on the stage of the cancer.

Staging of cancer can be divided into two. There is the clinical stage and there is the pathological stage. Clinical stage is based on the available information gained before surgery while pathological stage gives additional information obtained through examination of the tumor microscopically. In the pathological stage, a pathologist examines sections of the tissue

Although clinical and pathological stages complement each other, pathological staging is usually considered accurate because it allows direct examination of the tumor and it's spread. Clinical staging on the other hand is limited because the tumor is still in the body and therefore only indirect observations can be made.

Cancer staging is crucial because treatment is directly related to the stage of the disease. Incorrect staging could therefore lead to improper treatment and hence reduce the chances of survival. Specific staging systems are used for specific types of cancer. There are however some cancers that do not have a staging system. Overall stage grouping, also known as Roman Numerical staging uses the numerals I, II, III, and IV to describe the progression of cancer.

Colon Cancer Stages - Colon Cancer Survival Rate

When someone has experienced having inflammatory bowel disease, there is a huge possibility that the person will have an increased risk percentage of having cancer of the colon. While cancer of the colon is one of the easiest cancer types to be prevented from occurring, colon cancer stages are very decisive to identify because they are most often diagnosed when the symptoms are already inconvenient and bothersome. Colon cancer survival rate is lower when one is diagnosed in the later stage.

Colon cancer stages are divided into four unique stages. Each of these stages varies in colon cancer survival rate. The earliest stage of cancer of the colon is called stage 0. During this stage, the malignant cancer cells are just in the lining or mucosa of the rectum and confined in the polyp. Polypectomy is done in order to remove the cancer cells so that they would not progress on the later stages.

The Stage 1 cancer of the colon occurs when the polyp that contains the cancer cells have evolved and became a tumor that extends to the colon or rectum walls. During this stage, the advisable treatment would have to be the removal of the section of the colon that is considered to be infected by the malignant cancer cells. The five - year colon cancer survival rate for this stage is at 95% chance of cure.

Stage 2 colorectal cancer happens when the cancer tumor has spread and has affected the tissues surrounding the colon. Resection surgery is given to the patient in order to treat them of their current ordeal. Survival rates during this stage are very unfortunate; the statistics is just 60 percent chance of cure.

Stage 3 cancer of the colon is when the malignant cells have spread outside the tissues or the colon and have infected the lymph nodes surrounding the colon as well. The Treatments given to patients at this stage are aggressive in order to cope up with spread of the malignant cancer cells. Aside from the surgical operation, chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be given to the patient in order to extend their life and be cured. Rate of survival during this stage drops down to 35 percent.

Stage 4 cancer of the colon occurs when the cancer cells have expanded and infected already the different systems of the body. Aside from the surgical resection and chemotherapy, radiation treatment and surgery is also done to the other infected parts of the body. Cancer of the colon during this stage drops down in a very poor 3 percent survival rate.

Colon Cancer Symptoms - Finding Out If You Have Colorectal Cancer

The only way to know if you have colorectal cancer is a biopsy of the colon or rectal area that appears cancerous. These tests can be performed by a gastrointerologist or a colon and rectal surgeon. What are the symptoms that should send you to one of these specialists for testing?

Often the first symptom is bright red rectal bleeding. This does not always mean that you have colon cancer but you should seek medical care for this symptom as colorectal cancers often bleed. If the cancer is far from the rectum instead of bright red bleeding, a sign of colon cancer is dark, tarry stools, another symptom that should send you straight to the doctor.

Bleeding into the intestine results in a low blood count or anemia. A symptom of anemia is lack of energy. In any unexplained anemia the diagnosis of colon cancer must be considered.

New onset constipation is another symptom. As the cancer grows it begins to block the intestine so stools cannot pass. With certain types of colon cancers, diarrhea can also be a symptom. Diarrhea that does not resolve in a few days must also be investigated.

When the intestinal tract is partially or completely blocked, a feeling of fullness, decrease in appetite, and weight loss can be a result. These are symptoms of colon cancer until proven otherwise.

Bright red rectal bleeding, dark tarry stools, fatigue, constipation, continuous diarrhea, weight loss, lacks of appetite, and a feeling of fullness can all be symptoms. It is important to seek medical help if you have any or especially a combination of these symptoms as they can be colon cancer symptoms. The only way to know that you have colorectal cancer is to see a doctor who can diagnose the cause of the symptoms.

Top 5 Signs Of Colon Cancer

1) Colon cancer usually will not have any symptoms. Unfortunately it will be in the later stages that symptoms will show, they include, cramping, rapid weight loss, bloody stools, and thin stools. If you have any of these go to your doctor. The earlier you find signs the better chance you have to survive.

2) One in four people over the age of 50 will have a polyp. The average age of someone with colon cancer is 64, more than 90 % are over 50. So if you are over 50 make sure you make a doctors appointment for a screening, and then make sure you go to your appointment. Most people will make the appointment then skip it because they think it will not happen to them.

3) Balanced diet has shown to prevent the chances of colon cancer. Diets high in fiber are the best. High fat cholesterol diets have shown to increase the risk of colon cancer.

4) Studies have shown that over weight men are more at risk than over weight women to colon cancer. Also where the fat is on your body can also be a factor. Apple shape ( fat in the waist) has a increased chance of colon cancer, while Pear shape ( fat in the hips or thighs) have a less chance. Although being over weight is not a sign, it is better to maintain a healthy weight to keep the chances down.

5) Get to know your family medical history. This can be an early sign of colon cancer. If you have anyone in your family that has had this, it can impact your chances. Make sure if you have a family history of colon cancer or any other cancer to let your doctor know. The more your doctor knows about you the better they can treat you. Early detection is the best prevention.

These are just a few of the signs of colon cancer. Make sure you get out and exercise regularly. Studies have show that exercise can help reduce the risk of colon cancer by 40 percent. Other things that can increase your chances of colon cancer is smoking. So if you want to reduce your chances of getting colon cancer eat healthy, exercise and don't smoke. If you think you might have any sign of colon cancer go see your doctor, its always better to be safe than sorry.

Colon Cancer Causes and Prevention

If curing colon cancer is very difficult, it is quite contrary to prevent it. In fact, the majority of cancers of the rectum and colon could be prevented through regular checkup (examination or inspection), healthy lifestyle (eating healthy foods, regular colon cleansing, exercise, etc.), and chemoprevention.

Annual Check-up - annual health checkups is recommended to help detect health problems in their early stages. Early medical visit is the best preventive method to save your life from bowel cancer. Bowel cancer tends to develop in the polyps. Most polyps are present no symptoms at early stage, they are usually discovered at the time of colon cancer screening (digital rectal exam, flexible sigmoidoscopy, Barium enema, colonoscopy or virtual colonoscopy). Being present microscopically, benign colon polyps tend to transform with time into colon cancer. These abnormalities can be detected and removed early during a colonoscopy (a visual examination of examination of the large colon and the distal part of the small bowel) to avoid complications. It is estimated that this procedure could be reduced by 80% the risk of occurrence of intestinal cancer when you begin these tests at around 45, then every 5 or 10 years.

Diet and Lifestyle - it is no doubt that your lifestyle can increase the risk of cancer. The incidence of colorectal cancer (colon cancer or large bowel cancer) is very frequent in places where people practice the following: physical inactivity, excess calories intake (especially of saturated fat, protein, and sugar), alcohol abuse, consumption of a diet rich in red meat, sausages and hot dogs. Conversely, physical activity and eating a diet rich in fruit and cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, kale, cabbage, watercress, bok choy, etc.) containing antioxidant micronutrients would reduce the risk of cancer or its recurrence. In fact, these foods can be used as preventive and curative methods; a diet composed mostly of fruits, cruciferous veggies and fish may reduce the risk or cure certain bowel cancers at their genesis.

Chemoprevention - this method consist of the use of natural or synthetic substances in order to prevent, reverse, or delay the development of cancer cells. Micronutrients such as iron, cobalt, chromium, copper, iodine, manganese, selenium, zinc and molybdenum, as well as other nutrients like calcium, folic acid (Vitamin B9), and certain medications such as aspirin may inhibit cancerogenesis, according to some studies in animals. Others studies show significant inhibition of spontaneous intestinal polyps in mice and rats.

Other substances used in chemoprevention include Cyclooxygenase-2-Selective Inhibitors (COX2), a form of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that directly targets COX-2, an enzyme responsible for inflammation and peptic ulceration.

When it comes to your health, prevention is always better than treatment, which does always lead to cure; make your first step today to prevent or eradicate colon cancer; visit cancereffects.com, or click on the in the resource box below.

Symptoms Of The Common Cancers

Each year statistics show that the number of cancer cases newly diagnosed continues to rise however advances in diagnostic procedures and treatments means that more and more lives are being saved. Not surprisingly, even more people could survive cancer if they knew the common signs and symptoms to look for because the earlier that cancer is diagnosed the better the chance of curing it.

This article will outline the main symptoms that are often experienced by sufferers of the most common forms of cancer. These symptoms can vary between people and so it may be that while some people experience all of the symptoms others may only have one or two.

Most common cancer in males

· Prostate cancer

Most common cancer in females

· Breast cancer

Most prevalent cancers common to both males and females

· Lung cancer

· Colon/rectal cancer

Below are the most common symptoms that a sufferer of these cancers may experience and which may help to secure an early diagnosis:

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer

The early symptoms of prostate cancer are often ignored until they start to become a nuisance.

These symptoms include:

· An inability to urinate even though the sufferer has an urge to go

· Prolonged urination that may take longer than normal to complete

· Frequent urination that gets worse during the night hours

· The feeling of needing to pass more urine even though there is none left

· Slight incontinence caused by the bladder failing to release the last drops of urine

Unfortunately the same set of symptoms can be caused by at least two other prostate complaints and so a diagnosis of prostate cancer is often delayed i.e. it is masked by one of the other two conditions.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

It is very rare for breast cancer symptoms to become apparent in the diseases early stages. When symptoms do occur they usually only affect one breast and may include:

· A lump in the breast which is usually painless and may be located deep within the breast tissue or just under the skin

· Dimpling of the skin in the area of the lump, or swelling of the skin with an 'orange peel' appearance

· Inversion of the nipple

· A bloodstained nipple discharge

If breast cancer is not treated it can quickly spread to the nearby lymph nodes and then to other organs, such as the lungs, liver and bones where it causes additional symptoms. Breast cancer statistics suggest that the number of newly diagnosed cases remains steady however the number of deaths is falling. This may be because of advances in treatment however it may also be because breast cancer awareness is now one of the major subjects in the public eye.

Lung Cancer Symptoms

The symptoms of lung cancer depend on how far advanced the tumour is however the initial symptoms may include:

· A new persistent cough, or a change in a long standing cough, sometimes with blood-streaked sputum

· Chest pain which may be felt as a dull ache or as a sharp pain that is worse on inhaling

· Shortness of breath

· Wheezing if the tumour is blocking an airway

· Abnormal curvature of the finger nails, known as clubbing

Secondary lung cancer i.e. cancer that originates elsewhere in the body and travels to the lungs, may not cause any symptoms or alternatively very mild symptoms and so anybody experiencing even slight symptoms should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Colon Cancer Symptoms

Again colon cancer can remain undetected for a number of years and any early symptoms are attributed to other less serious conditions. The symptoms to look out for include:

· The presence of blood in the stools

· Anaemia i.e. pale skin, tiredness etc.

· A change in normal bowel movements that last longer than a few days

· A feeling of needing another bowel movement even though you have just been

· Other digestive symptoms i.e. nausea, vomiting, bloatedness, stomach cramps or a constant stomach ache, trapped gas.

Even though these symptoms are described as early symptoms they are in reality late symptoms and more often than not the cancer is in a late stage when it is finally diagnosed. In some cases the primary tumour i.e. that in the colon, fails to exhibit any symptoms at all and the sufferer only realizes they are ill when the cancer spreads to other areas of the body and secondary symptoms are felt there.

Colon Cancer Symptoms - When to See a Doctor

Colon or colorectal cancer can affect anyone, even though the people over the age of 50 are in higher risk of getting this disease. Its symptoms can mimic the ones of less dangerous conditions, so it is a good idea to be aware of them and to know when to see a doctor for them.

The unexplained changes in the bowel movement are the first sings of colon cancer. Some sufferers have diarrhea while others have constipation. Having any of these problems for more than 2 or 3 weeks is certainly a red flag.

In many cases, the symptoms are more specific. Not being able to empty the bowel completely rectal cramping and urgency to move the bowels are other disturbing signs. Having long and think stools that have the shape of pencils also signals a problem.

Rectal bleeding and blood on the stool are the most disturbing colon cancer signs. These symptoms are usually accompanied by persistent abdominal discomfort. In later stages, sufferers also experience constant pelvic pain.

In many cases, the warning signs are far less disturbing. You might experience constant and unexplained fatigue. It might or might not be accompanied by lack of appetite. Some sufferers experience considerable weight loss, but this is not applicable to all.

You should see a doctor, if you experience any of these colon cancer symptoms. You might not have this condition, but another one that needs treatment as well. Do not automatically assume that you have hemorrhoids, even if you have been having this problem in the past. In case you have anemia, there is some chance that it might be caused by this type of cancer, so you should definitely seek medical advice.

Discuss your concerns with your physician. You should be able to describe the changes you are experiencing in great detail. In turn, the doctor will decide whether you should be tested for colorectal cancer or not.

The Recurrence of Colon Cancer

For those of you who have had friends or family members that have battled colon cancer or were a victim yourself, you know how terrible this disease can be. Having survived such an ailment, no one wants to relive their past or live on the edge knowing that if can affect them again or they can succumb to its aftermath a few years later. Unfortunately, this is not always the case as colon cancer has been noted to have a high recurrence rate. In particular, it has been noted that about 20% of patients with treated colon cancer see recurring signs within five years.

Colon cancer is a disease that takes over the walls of the colon with abnormal growths called tumors. Affecting the excretion and part of the digestive process, victims are always trying to curtail the spread of this cancer that affects other vital organs of the body such as the liver. Particularly, functions of the colon include absorbing minerals and water for storage, forming feces for expulsion, storing bacteria to aid in the digestion process and thereby preventing the increase and circulation of harmful bacteria, as well as maintain a proper pH for chemical reactions.

Generally, other researchers have noted that recurrence rates for colon cancer vary between 4% and 55%. But technology has come to the rescue once more. Researchers have devised a genetic test, in which the recurrence of a patient's colon cancer is predicted. Ideally, it scans the genes of the patient during the early stages of the first diagnosis of the cancer to state the chances in which this disease will come back after treatment.

Generally, this is a great achievement and can do much in the process of treatment as this information obtained from the test can aid the doctor in determining whether chemotherapy is a good choice after surgery due to the fact it will eventually reappear. In fact, it can help the doctor to decide whether surgery should be the only treatment method used, or whether chemotherapy and radiation treatments should also be conducted, making it a bit more intensive.

Hopefully in 2010, this test can be launched commercially, as purported by Genomic Health, a science company founded to improve the quality of cancer treatment for patients through the use of research, growth and the commercialization of medical laboratory services. As Dr. Leonard Saltz simply puts it "the test clearly tells people that they have a greater likelihood of being in the group that is at high risk or low risk of having a reappearance". All things considered, it provides the patient with the overall comfort of deciding whether or not to do chemotherapy which is another piece of information that can guide discussions between doctor and patients regarding their status and the best choice moving forward.

How to Know Whether You Have Colon Cancer Or Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Information You Need to Know

If you start noticing a change in your bowel habits, believe it or not you want it to be IBS if it's going to be an ongoing issue. Colon Cancer and IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) both have closely related symptoms and can leave you in bad shape when it comes to how you feel. The largest difference between the two is obviously that the Cancer will kill you if it's not taken care of.

Most Doctors will agree that IBS is a diagnosis of exclusion. Basically what this means is that after every other thing has been tested and you are showing to have an otherwise healthy colon, this is the last thing you will be diagnosed with.

Colon Cancer affects over 100,000 new people each year and has roughly a 33% mortality rate each year as well. The key being that you want to find the disease before it has a chance to spread.

IBS is a more common disease that affects your bowel habits and can mimic the same symptoms as the cancer. Loose stools (diarrhea), constipation, pencil thin stools, frequent defecation.

Because these are so similar, many Doctors will run extensive tests to make sure there is no tumors in your large intestine which is mainly done through what is known as a colonoscopy. This is where a long snake like hose is inserted through the rectum and travels through the large intestine in search for abnormalities and other differences in structure.

These are easy procedures to have done as you are normally sedated. The key is to not be scared to talk with your Doctor if you notice any of the symptoms above.

Monitor Symptoms of Colon Cancer

Colon cancer often exhibits the same symptoms as other colon conditions. Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, diverticulosis, and peptic ulcer disease show the same symptoms of colon cancer: red or dark blood in stools, changes in bowel habits, narrow stools, diarrhea or constipation, unexplainable weight loss, abdominal pain, cramps, bloating, and anemia. In order to observe your symptoms better, it is also important to read up on other colon diseases.

The disease can be present for many years before symptoms of colon cancer even show. This is why the best thing to do to watch out for colon cancer is to undergo regular screenings, preferably those that entail fecal blood testing and colonoscopy.

Symptoms of colon cancer vary according to where the tumor is located. Because the right colon is spacious, tumors in the right colon can grow to large sizes before they even cause symptoms of colon cancer. As tumors have a tendency to bleed, cancers on the right colon cause iron deficiency anemia because of the slow, unnoticed loss of blood over a long period of time. It is all the more unnoticeable because the stool travels through the colon longer, so whatever blood is in the stool dries up and even becomes invisible. Iron deficiency anemia, in turn, results in fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath for patients.

On the other hand, the left colon is narrower than the right colon. Cancers of the left colon are more likely to cause partial or complete bowel obstruction. This type of cancer causes the following symptoms of colon cancer: diarrhea, constipation, narrow stools, abdominal pains, cramps, and bloating. If there is bright red blood in the stool, this can also mean that there is a cancerous growth near the end of the left colon or the rectum.

Go and see your doctor if you develop any of the following symptoms of colon cancer mentioned above. However, don't panic just yet. As mentioned, some of the symptoms can be indicative of another colon disease altogether. For example, while blood in your stool may be one of the symptoms of colon cancer, it may also come from hemorrhoids or minor tears in your anus. If you are constipated as a result of not drinking enough water and not taking in sufficient fiber, tough stools may scratch your rectal wall.

Additionally, certain foods, such as beets and red licorice, can cause your stools to turn red, while iron supplements and some anti-diarrhea medications often make stools black. However, it is still a good idea to visit your doctor at any sign of blood or other changes in your stools and bowel movement. After all, early detection based on symptoms of colon cancer usually result in complete cures.

Below is a complete list of the top symptoms of colon cancer. It will do no harm to visit your doctor as soon as you feel two or more of the following:

* Major change in your toilet habits, whether you move your bowels more or less

* Blood in your fecal matter, bright red or dried

* Stools that are thinner than usual

* Unexplainable dramatic weight loss

* Stomach pains, cramping or bloating

* Unexplainable fatigue

* Always feeling like you need to move your bowels

* Constant nausea and vomiting

* Iron deficiency anemia

* Abdominal pain, which is a rare symptom of colon cancer, and may exhibit itself as mere tenderness in the abdomen.

What Are The Signs Of Colon Cancer?

This article explains a lot of facts about what colon cancer is and what is the main sign of colon cancer. Colon cancer is a definition that is used to describe colo-rectal (or bowel) cancer. The colon is part of the intestines. Those intestines consist of the small intestine (between the stomach and the appendix) and the large intestine (from the appendix to the anus). The large intestine is divided into the long colon and a short rectum, just before the anus. Two thirds of these cancers occur in the colon and one third in the rectum.

There is a range of different symptoms related to colon cancer. The main signs of colon cancer include abdominal pain, diarrhoea and constipation, blood in the faeces. But fact is that all symptoms vary from person to person so you can never tell for sure, and there even cases without any signs at all. If you discover any sign of colon cancer, contact a doctor immediately. It could be bleeding from your rectum or blood mixed with your stool. Quite often though, people think that this is related to hemorrhoids, which prevents them from getting the correct diagnosis and treatment at the early stages when the chances are highest.

Here is a list of colon cancer signs: Pain in the lower abdominal area, Chronic colon problems with bowel movements, Diarrhea lasting more than several days, Chronic colon problems with bowel movements, obstruction of bowel movements, iron deficiency anemia which may indicate bleeding in the colon, blood in the stool, significant weight loss, abdominal mass or hardness in the abdomen, significant change in bowel habit, appendix pain as colon cancer signs.

A sign of colon cancer is an indication that something is not right in the body. But signs are defined as things that can be seen by a doctor, nurse, or other health care professional. But a single sign may not be enough to define the exact condition. There are cases where cancers start in places where it does not cause any symptoms until the cancer has grown quite large.

So in this chain of thoughts, it must be pointed out that having any of the colon cancer signs listed above doesn't mean that you have cancer as there are many other conditions that can cause the exact same signs and symptoms. There could be a different cause for each of these signs, but the idea is to let the doctor know of this so that it can be investigated.

Bowel Cancer Symptoms

In medical terminology, Bowel Cancer is also referred to cancer of the colon or the rectum. Its initial symptoms are very unassuming and routine, like diarrhea and constipation to abdominal pain. However, it is the persistence of these symptoms which give the first indication of a more serious problem. This form of cancer usually affects the lining of the large intestine and then spreads to affect the whole of the large bowel. Normally, it does not affect the small bowel so commonly.

The symptoms to watch out for are:

* Rectal Bleeding - This is one of the initial signs. You will observe blood in the feces either actual blood or tar like appearance.

* Abdominal Pain and Feeling of Fullness - Any abdominal pain which refuses to go away with normal and routine medication requires scanning for colon cancer. You will want to visit the toilet but the body will not pass any stools. In case the cancer tumor is located lower in the rectum, there will be pain during bowel movement too.

* Sudden Change in Bowel Habit - The stools will be thinner than the normal and the frequency will be more. You may also notice decomposed blood in the stool.

* Fatigue and Weakness - This is due to gradual but continuous blood loss during bowel movement. In such cases an Anaemic condition indicates an internal malfunctioning.

* Diarrhea - Normal diarrhea due to a stomach infection goes away with routine medication. In the case of colon cancer, this condition continues inspite of the medication. If this happens it needs further investigation.

* Sudden Weight Loss - All cancers show similar conditions of weight loss due to the cancer cells burning more calories than normal healthy cells.

In addition to the above associated symptoms may be constipation and vomiting for prolonged periods. In case this cancer is diagnosed early, there are good chances of recovery. Better still is taking all possible precautions like restricting consumption of red meat, increasing the dosage of greens as part of the food intake, getting on with a regular exercise regimen thus controlling one's weight.

Finally, being aware of the symptoms will at least increase the chances of early detection and remedial treatment.

Common Signs of Colon Cancer

Colon cancer is a medical problem that is quite lethal and is regarded as one of the hardest cancers to distinguish when in the early levels. When this cancer spreads it will extend to the whole colon as well as the rectum and it might spread to other essential organs in in the body.

There are certain types of measures that can be taken to address colon cancer - but the risks of survival are weakened when the person is in the late stage of it. For better chances of survival it is crucial to discover how to recognise the early symptoms of colon cancer. The earlier you can get the treatment you demand the higher your chance is to survive and beat it.

The more standard early symptoms is rectal bleeding. However, this might normally be mixed up with hemorrhoids. This is not the time to be taking any risks or guessing your medical condition. Rather you need to talk to your doctor and let them find out for you what the problem is.

Blood contained in your bowel movements is another common misdiagnosed sign. Sometimes the blood can be dry and it can be challenging to find or forgotten easily. This bleeding is usually an indication that there is a tumor contained in the colon or the rectum.

There are other more subtle signs that individuals never seem to discover because they are not hurtful or scary in anyway. Narrow stools over a long period of time could be a sign of a tumor. The narrow shape of the waste in your body is induced when it is trying to make its way round the tumor.

If you have been feeling constipated and bloated for a long period of time then you should confer with your doctor. Also nausea and vomiting can take place and seems to happen without any obvious reason. You may also experience that you perpetually have to eliminate a bowel - but can't seem to. All of this is induced by the tumor in your rectum or colon.

Make sure that you contact your doctor and have a complete exam if you are feeling any of these troubles. Early detection can increase your survival rate and serve you to live your life in ease.

Colon Cancer Symptoms and Signs: Know What to Look For

Colon cancer is of major concern today and especially for those of us over fifty years old. There is much written about it of late so you have many resources at your disposal.

Here we will briefly go over some of the things to look out for if you're concerned. Please note that your best resource if you have any concerns is your doctor.

Although colon cancer can be life threatening, this cancer has a good survival rate if caught early enough, so be vigilant. Make sure you have regular checkups and tests as prescribed.

What to look for:

· Have there been any changes in your bowel habits? An isolated event may not be significant but if things have changed enough for you to notice then it is worth checking in with a physician.

· Have you developed diarrhoea that can't be explained by diet or illness?

· Have you developed constipation for unknown reasons?

· Do you feel like when you do move your bowels that they haven't totally emptied out?

· Any bleeding? Blood might appear as bright red or very dark in color.

· Any pain in the abdomen?

· Bloating?

· Cramping?

· Vomiting?

· Have you lost weight without trying?

· Do you feel more tired these days?

These symptoms don't mean that you have cancer so don't let your imagination go into overdrive. Take note and if they aren't a onetime thing or you are concerned, then get yourself to the doctor's office.

Symptoms and signs of colon cancer appear over time. In other words, you may have the illness long before you notice any changes. This is why if you have any questions or concerns, go get yourself tested.

Colon Cancer Prevention

Studies for ways to prevent colon cancer are ongoing but what they do know is that there are certain risk factors for getting this type of cancer. If you recognize yourself as having any of these risk factors, then address them. Be vigilant in getting regular medical examinations.

· Are you over 40? There isn't anything you can do about your age but just be aware that age is a consideration.

· Overweight and don't exercise much? The experts seem to believe that obesity and lack of exercise may contribute to the development of cancer.

· Do you smoke? Smoking is a risk factor for many diseases including colon cancer so this is another reason to stop smoking now.

· Alcohol. Drinking alcohol may be a contributing risk factor to note.

Your health is of the utmost importance. Don't take it lightly. Be aware of your body and notice any unexplained changes. Report them to your doctor and be sure you get regular checkups.

Colon Cancer Symptoms Are Easy to Miss in the Early Stages of the Illness

Colon cancer symptoms are not always clear and are often so subtle that they are mistaken for less serious conditions. Colon cancer symptoms are often silent and so they go undetected. As the symptoms are usually confused with less deadly conditions it enables the cancer to progress further before diagnosis and treatment. These symptoms are very serious indeed and lead to cancer of the colon, which is in the top three of the most life-threatening forms of cancer in men.

Symptoms commonly do not give early warning signs of cancer, but through medical history, professional examination and testing, a symptoms diagnosis or determination of the presence of cancer may be determined. Symptoms often do not lead straight to the underlying diagnosis and many symptoms can be misleading. Symptoms can remain dormant for as long as five years, by which time the cancer will have moved long past the treatable stage.

Understanding cancer of the colon symptoms is important, as you can use this knowledge to work with your doctor to uncover the cause and take care of your long-term health. Some of the more common local symptoms include changes in your bowel habits, such as bowel movements that are either more or less frequent than normal, constipation (difficulty having a bowel movement or straining to have a bowel movement), Diarrhea (loose or watery stools), Intermittent (alternating) constipation and diarrhea and bright red or dark red blood in your stools or black, dark colored, "tarry" stools.

Stools that are thinner than normal ("pencil stools") or feeling as if you cannot empty your bowels entirely, abdominal discomfort, bloating, frequent gas pains, or cramps. If you experience any of these for two or more weeks, call your doctor right away to discuss your concerns and arrange for tests to get to the bottom of your symptoms.